Erfarenheter av RFID från Raspberry Pi.

Innehåll.

Tillbaka till Raspbery Pi
Inledning.
Inkoppling.
Installation.
Program.
Program med MYSQL.
Avläsa en tagg.
Referenser.

Inledning.

Här beskrivs hur man kan använda en rfid med Raspberry Pi.
Rfid finns i flera typer beroende på vilket frekvensområde de arbetar i. Områdene är: LF 120 -150 kHz, HF 13,56 MHz samt UHF 433 MHz. LF har en räckvidd på omkring 10 cm. HF en räckvidd på cirka 1 meter. UHF når 10 meter eller mer.
1024_0 - PhidgetRFID Read-Write arbetar på frekvensen 125 kHz och läsavståndet är upp till 6 cm.

Till början.

Inkoppling.

PhidgetRFID ansluts till Raspberry Pi via USB.

Installation.

Följande program behöver installeras:

libphidget21-2.1.8.20150410.tat.gz
phidget21-c-examples-2.11.8.201504.tar.gz
libusb-1.0-0-dev

Programpaketen kan laddas ner här:

Efter nedladdning ska paketen installeras, libpidget21 med kommandona:
./configure; make; make install

phidget21-c-examples med kommandona:
./configure; make

libusb-1.0-0-dev får installeras från ordinarie paketförråd. För Raspberry Pi sker installationen med kommando:
sudo apt-get install libusb-1.0-0-dev

För att kunna skriva C-program med MySQL behövs förutom installation av paketen till MySQL även libmysqlclient-dev:
sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev

Till början.

Program.

Detta program, pi-rfid.c, fungerar både på PC och Raspberry Pi.
Programmet hämtats hos EmmeShop.

/* * pi-rfid.c * */ // - RFID simple - // This program simply displays the data that is generated by an RFID phidget in a very simple case and outputs it to the console. // This simple example covers the basics of connecting and using an RFID phidget. // // Copyright 2008 Phidgets Inc. All rights reserved. // This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Canada License. // view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ca/ #include <stdio.h> #include <phidget21.h> int CCONV AttachHandler(CPhidgetHandle RFID, void *userptr) { int serialNo; const char *name; CPhidget_getDeviceName (RFID, &name); CPhidget_getSerialNumber(RFID, &serialNo); printf("%s %10d attached!\n", name, serialNo); return 0; } int CCONV DetachHandler(CPhidgetHandle RFID, void *userptr) { int serialNo; const char *name; CPhidget_getDeviceName (RFID, &name); CPhidget_getSerialNumber(RFID, &serialNo); printf("%s %10d detached!\n", name, serialNo); return 0; } int CCONV ErrorHandler(CPhidgetHandle RFID, void *userptr, int ErrorCode, const char *unknown) { printf("Error handled. %d - %s\n", ErrorCode, unknown); return 0; } int CCONV OutputChangeHandler(CPhidgetRFIDHandle RFID, void *usrptr, int Index, int State) { if(Index == 0 || Index == 1) { //printf("Output: %d > State: %d\n", Index, State); } return 0; } int CCONV TagHandler(CPhidgetRFIDHandle RFID, void *usrptr, char *TagVal, CPhidgetRFID_Protocol proto) { //turn on the Onboard LED CPhidgetRFID_setLEDOn(RFID, 1); /* if (strcmp(TagVal, "4300f9c136")==0 || strcmp(TagVal,"4d004a9f79")==0) */ if (strcmp(TagVal, "2e00e44061")==0 || strcmp(TagVal,"010b0a318a")==0) // Jan Pihlgren 20150514 { CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 0, 1); CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 1, 0); printf("Tag Read: %s is ok\n", TagVal); } else { CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 0, 0); CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 1, 1); printf("Tag Read: %s is unknown\n", TagVal); } return 0; } int CCONV TagLostHandler(CPhidgetRFIDHandle RFID, void *usrptr, char *TagVal, CPhidgetRFID_Protocol proto) { //turn off the Onboard LED CPhidgetRFID_setLEDOn(RFID, 0); CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 0, 0); CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 1, 0); printf("Tag Lost: %s\n", TagVal); return 0; } //Display the properties of the attached phidget to the screen. We will be displaying the name, serial number and version of the attached device. //We will also display the nu,mber of available digital outputs int display_properties(CPhidgetRFIDHandle phid) { int serialNo, version, numOutputs, antennaOn, LEDOn; const char* ptr; CPhidget_getDeviceType((CPhidgetHandle)phid, &ptr); CPhidget_getSerialNumber((CPhidgetHandle)phid, &serialNo); CPhidget_getDeviceVersion((CPhidgetHandle)phid, &version); CPhidgetRFID_getOutputCount (phid, &numOutputs); CPhidgetRFID_getAntennaOn (phid, &antennaOn); CPhidgetRFID_getLEDOn (phid, &LEDOn); printf("%s\n", ptr); printf("Serial Number: %10d\nVersion: %8d\n", serialNo, version); printf("# Outputs: %d\n\n", numOutputs); printf("Antenna Status: %d\nOnboard LED Status: %d\n", antennaOn, LEDOn); return 0; } int rfid_simple() { int result; const char *err; //Declare an RFID handle CPhidgetRFIDHandle rfid = 0; //create the RFID object CPhidgetRFID_create(&rfid); //Set the handlers to be run when the device is plugged in or opened from software, unplugged or closed from software, or generates an error. CPhidget_set_OnAttach_Handler((CPhidgetHandle)rfid, AttachHandler, NULL); CPhidget_set_OnDetach_Handler((CPhidgetHandle)rfid, DetachHandler, NULL); CPhidget_set_OnError_Handler((CPhidgetHandle)rfid, ErrorHandler, NULL); //Registers a callback that will run if an output changes. //Requires the handle for the Phidget, the function that will be called, and an arbitrary pointer that will be supplied to the callback function (may be NULL). CPhidgetRFID_set_OnOutputChange_Handler(rfid, OutputChangeHandler, NULL); //Registers a callback that will run when a Tag is read. //Requires the handle for the PhidgetRFID, the function that will be called, and an arbitrary pointer that will be supplied to the callback function (may be NULL). CPhidgetRFID_set_OnTag2_Handler(rfid, TagHandler, NULL); //Registers a callback that will run when a Tag is lost (removed from antenna read range). //Requires the handle for the PhidgetRFID, the function that will be called, and an arbitrary pointer that will be supplied to the callback function (may be NULL). CPhidgetRFID_set_OnTagLost2_Handler(rfid, TagLostHandler, NULL); //open the RFID for device connections CPhidget_open((CPhidgetHandle)rfid, -1); //get the program to wait for an RFID device to be attached printf("Waiting for RFID to be attached...."); if((result = CPhidget_waitForAttachment((CPhidgetHandle)rfid, 10000))) { CPhidget_getErrorDescription(result, &err); printf("Problem waiting for attachment: %s\n", err); return 0; } //Display the properties of the attached RFID device display_properties(rfid); CPhidgetRFID_setAntennaOn(rfid, 1); //read RFID event data printf("Reading.....\n"); //keep displaying RFID event data until user input is read printf("Press any key to continue\n"); getchar(); //keep displaying RFID event data until user input is read printf("Press any key to continue\n"); getchar(); CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(rfid, 0, 0); CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(rfid, 1, 0); printf("Press any key to end\n"); getchar(); //since user input has been read, this is a signal to terminate the program so we will close the phidget and delete the object we created printf("Closing...\n"); CPhidget_close((CPhidgetHandle)rfid); CPhidget_delete((CPhidgetHandle)rfid); //all done, exit return 0; } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { rfid_simple(); return 0; }

Kompilera med kommando:
gcc pi-rfid.c -o pi-rfid -lphidget21

Kör programmet med:
sudo ./pi-rfid


int CCONV TagHandler(CPhidgetRFIDHandle RFID, void *usrptr, char *TagVal, CPhidgetRFID_Protocol proto) { //turn on the Onboard LED CPhidgetRFID_setLEDOn(RFID, 1); //if (strcmp(TagVal, "4300f9c136")==0 || strcmp(TagVal,"4d004a9f79")==0) if (strcmp(TagVal, "2e00e44061")==0 || strcmp(TagVal,"010b0a318a")==0) // Jan Pihlgren 20150514 { CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 0, 1); CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 1, 0); printf("Tag Read: %s is ok\n", TagVal); } else { CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 0, 0); CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 1, 1); printf("Tag Read: %s is unknown\n", TagVal); } return 0; } int CCONV TagLostHandler(CPhidgetRFIDHandle RFID, void *usrptr, char *TagVal, CPhidgetRFID_Protocol proto) { //turn off the Onboard LED CPhidgetRFID_setLEDOn(RFID, 0); CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 0, 0); CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 1, 0); printf("Tag Lost: %s\n", TagVal); return 0; }
Denna del av ovanstående program är en modifierad kopia av filen RFID-simple i Phidgets exampel.
I koden jämförs värdet av taggen med två lagrade värden​​, ifall taggens värde överensstämmer med ett av två, tänds den gröna lysdioden annars tänds den röda lysdioden.
När taggen tas bort släcks bägge lysdioderna

Program med MySQL.
Jag har modifierat ett program (pi-rfid.c) där rfid-kortet kontrolleras mot information i en MySQL-databas. Databasen innehåller följande uppgifter:
rfidnr, f_namn, e_namn, behorighet
rfidnr är det unika nummer som varje rfidtagg innehåller.
För varje post kan behörigheten innehålla ettdera av två värden; Ja eller Nej.

* * 2015-05-31 * pi-rfid-2.c * Installera: libmysqlclient-dev - sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev * Kompilera: gcc pi-rfid-2.c -L/lib/mysql -lmysqlclient -o pi-rfid-2 -lphidget21 * */ // // This program simply displays the data that is generated by an RFID phidget in a very simple case and outputs it to the console. // This simple example covers the basics of connecting and using an RFID phidget. // // Copyright 2008 Phidgets Inc. All rights reserved. // This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 Canada License. // view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ca/ #include <stdio.h> #include <phidget21.h> #include </usr/include/mysql/mysql.h> #include <string.h> int ask_mysql(char *key) { // Jan Pihlgren 20150531 MYSQL *conn; MYSQL_RES *result; MYSQL_ROW row; int num_fields; int i; int resultat = -1; char fraga[80]="SELECT * FROM user WHERE rfidnr = '"; strcat(fraga,key); strcat(fraga,"'"); conn = mysql_init(NULL); mysql_real_connect(conn, "localhost", "pi", "raspberry", "rfid", 0, NULL, 0); mysql_query(conn,fraga); result = mysql_store_result(conn); num_fields = mysql_num_fields(result); while ((row = mysql_fetch_row(result))) { /* for(i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) // Jan Pihlgren 20150531 { printf("%s ", row[i] ? row[i] : "NULL"); } */ printf("\n"); printf("%s %s\n",row[1],row[2]); if(strcmp(row[3],"Ja") == 0){ printf("Godkännd!\n"); resultat = 0; }else{ printf("Ej Godkänd!\n"); resultat = 1; } } mysql_free_result(result); mysql_close(conn); return resultat; } int CCONV AttachHandler(CPhidgetHandle RFID, void *userptr) { int serialNo; const char *name; CPhidget_getDeviceName (RFID, &name); CPhidget_getSerialNumber(RFID, &serialNo); printf("%s %10d attached!\n", name, serialNo); return 0; } int CCONV DetachHandler(CPhidgetHandle RFID, void *userptr) { int serialNo; const char *name; CPhidget_getDeviceName (RFID, &name); CPhidget_getSerialNumber(RFID, &serialNo); printf("%s %10d detached!\n", name, serialNo); return 0; } int CCONV ErrorHandler(CPhidgetHandle RFID, void *userptr, int ErrorCode, const char *unknown) { printf("Error handled. %d - %s\n", ErrorCode, unknown); return 0; } int CCONV OutputChangeHandler(CPhidgetRFIDHandle RFID, void *usrptr, int Index, int State) { if(Index == 0 || Index == 1) { //printf("Output: %d > State: %d\n", Index, State); } return 0; } int CCONV TagHandler(CPhidgetRFIDHandle RFID, void *usrptr, char *TagVal, CPhidgetRFID_Protocol proto) { int resultat; //turn on the Onboard LED CPhidgetRFID_setLEDOn(RFID, 1); resultat=ask_mysql(TagVal); // Jan Pihlgren 20150531 if( resultat == 0) // Jan Pihlgren 20150531 { CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 0, 1); CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 1, 0); } else { CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 0, 0); CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 1, 1); } return 0; } int CCONV TagLostHandler(CPhidgetRFIDHandle RFID, void *usrptr, char *TagVal, CPhidgetRFID_Protocol proto) { //turn off the Onboard LED CPhidgetRFID_setLEDOn(RFID, 0); CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 0, 0); CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(RFID, 1, 0); return 0; } //Display the properties of the attached phidget to the screen. We will be displaying the name, serial number and version of the attached device. //We will also display the nu,mber of available digital outputs int display_properties(CPhidgetRFIDHandle phid) { int serialNo, version, numOutputs, antennaOn, LEDOn; const char* ptr; CPhidget_getDeviceType((CPhidgetHandle)phid, &ptr); CPhidget_getSerialNumber((CPhidgetHandle)phid, &serialNo); CPhidget_getDeviceVersion((CPhidgetHandle)phid, &version); CPhidgetRFID_getOutputCount (phid, &numOutputs); CPhidgetRFID_getAntennaOn (phid, &antennaOn); CPhidgetRFID_getLEDOn (phid, &LEDOn); printf("%s\n", ptr); printf("Serial Number: %10d\nVersion: %8d\n", serialNo, version); printf("# Outputs: %d\n\n", numOutputs); printf("Antenna Status: %d\nOnboard LED Status: %d\n", antennaOn, LEDOn); return 0; } int rfid_simple() { int result; const char *err; //Declare an RFID handle CPhidgetRFIDHandle rfid = 0; //create the RFID object CPhidgetRFID_create(&rfid); //Set the handlers to be run when the device is plugged in or opened from software, unplugged or closed from software, or generates an error. CPhidget_set_OnAttach_Handler((CPhidgetHandle)rfid, AttachHandler, NULL); CPhidget_set_OnDetach_Handler((CPhidgetHandle)rfid, DetachHandler, NULL); CPhidget_set_OnError_Handler((CPhidgetHandle)rfid, ErrorHandler, NULL); //Registers a callback that will run if an output changes. //Requires the handle for the Phidget, the function that will be called, and an arbitrary pointer that will be supplied to the callback function (may be NULL). CPhidgetRFID_set_OnOutputChange_Handler(rfid, OutputChangeHandler, NULL); //Registers a callback that will run when a Tag is read. //Requires the handle for the PhidgetRFID, the function that will be called, and an arbitrary pointer that will be supplied to the callback function (may be NULL). CPhidgetRFID_set_OnTag2_Handler(rfid, TagHandler, NULL); //Registers a callback that will run when a Tag is lost (removed from antenna read range). //Requires the handle for the PhidgetRFID, the function that will be called, and an arbitrary pointer that will be supplied to the callback function (may be NULL). CPhidgetRFID_set_OnTagLost2_Handler(rfid, TagLostHandler, NULL); //open the RFID for device connections CPhidget_open((CPhidgetHandle)rfid, -1); //get the program to wait for an RFID device to be attached printf("Waiting for RFID to be attached...."); if((result = CPhidget_waitForAttachment((CPhidgetHandle)rfid, 10000))) { CPhidget_getErrorDescription(result, &err); printf("Problem waiting for attachment: %s\n", err); return 0; } //Display the properties of the attached RFID device display_properties(rfid); CPhidgetRFID_setAntennaOn(rfid, 1); //read RFID event data printf("Reading.....\n"); //keep displaying RFID event data until user input is read printf("Press any key to continue\n"); getchar(); //keep displaying RFID event data until user input is read printf("Press any key to continue\n"); getchar(); CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(rfid, 0, 0); CPhidgetRFID_setOutputState(rfid, 1, 0); printf("Press any key to end\n"); getchar(); //since user input has been read, this is a signal to terminate the program so we will close the phidget and delete the object we created printf("Closing...\n"); CPhidget_close((CPhidgetHandle)rfid); CPhidget_delete((CPhidgetHandle)rfid); //all done, exit return 0; } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { rfid_simple(); return 0; }
Resultat:

Waiting for RFID to be attached....Phidget RFID 2-output 310826 attached!
PhidgetRFID
Serial Number: 310826
Version: 206
# Outputs: 2

Antenna Status: 1
Onboard LED Status: 0
Reading.....
Press any key to continue

Alice Karlsson
Ej Godkänd!

Lars Jansson
Godkännd!

Press any key to continue

Till början.

Avläsa en rfid-tagg.

Starta programmet:
sudo ./RFID-simple

Exempel på en avläsning av en tagg:

Waiting for RFID to be attached....Phidget RFID 2-output 310826 attached!
PhidgetRFID
Serial Number: 310826
Version: 206
# Outputs: 2

Antenna Status: 0
Onboard LED Status: 0
Reading.....
Press any key to continue
Tag Read: 2e00e3e6c0 is unknown
Tag Lost: 2e00e3e6c0
Tag Read: 2e00e44061 is ok
Tag Lost: 2e00e44061

Press any key to continue

Press any key to end

Closing...

Referenser.

Phidget.
4 Projects You Can Do With Raspberry Pi and Phidgets

Till början.